Table 4

Results for the quadratic conditional Engel curve in 2007

Independent variablesFoodHousingUtilitiesTransportationEntertainmentDurable and non-durableClothingHealthEducationAlcohol
Dummy variable for tobacco spending (d)−0.7589*
(0.2703)		−0.8582*
(0.2572)		−0.9612*
(0.1121)		1.139*
(0.1502)		0.3462*
(0.1082)		−0.3380*
(0.1097)		−0.1688*
(0.0836)		−0.0909
(0.0697)		0.1974*
(0.0855)		−0.0355
(0.0204)
Total amount of tobacco spending (q)−0.0015*
(0.0004)		−0.0022*
(0.0007)		−0.0007*
(0.0002)		0.0023*
(0.0005)		0.0015*
(0.0003)		−0.0009*
(0.0003)		−0.0006*
(0.0002)		−0.0002
(0.0002)		−0.0002
(0.0002)		0.0003*
(0.0001)
Log of total expenditure (lnM)0.1027*
(0.0502)		0.1148*
(0.0058)		0.0465
(0.0029)		−0.0197*
(0.0039)		0.0084*
(0.0028)		−0.0025
(0.0029)		−0.0004
(0.0022)		0.0005
(0.0018)		−0.0219*
(0.0022)		0.0006
(0.0005)
Square of (log) total expenditure-(lnM)2−0.0157*
(0.0036)		−0.0103*
(0.0007)		−0.0038*
(0.0003)		−0.0053
(0.0004)		−0.0014*
(0.0003)		0.0019*
(0.0003)		0.0011*
(0.0002)		0.0005
(0.0004)		0.0029*
(0.0002)		−0.0002
(0.0006)
Interaction term Embedded Image−0.2703*
(0.0502)		0.0749
(0.0629)		0.2790*
(0.0321)		−0.3233*
(0.0430)		−0.0945*
(0.0310)		0.0936*
(0.0314)		0.0395
(0.0239)		−0.0286
(0.0200)		−0.0579*
(0.0245)		0.0100
(0.0058)
Interaction term Embedded Image0.0159*
(0.0035)		−0.0050
(0.0040)		−0.0200*
(0.0023)		0.0203*
(0.0030)		0.0047*
(0.0022)		−0.0046*
(0.0022)		−0.0014
(0.0017)		0.0025
(0.0014)		0.0059*
(0.0017)		−0.0010*
(0.0004)

  • This study focuses on the effect of tobacco expenditure on spending for other goods, so the coefficients of household characteristics are not reported. All commodity groups are considered as a dependent variable. The values if dependent variables run from 0 to 1.

  • *These results are significant at the 5% level.