Factors associated with having ever used an e-cigarette, and perception of harm in 27 European Union member states, 2012–2014
| Having ever used e-cigarettes aOR (95% CI) | Perceiving e-cigarettes as harmful aOR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| Survey year | ||
| 2012 (ref) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 2014 | 1.90 (1.77 to 2.03) | 2.98 (2.87 to 3.09) |
| Gender | ||
| Female (ref) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Male | 1.14 (1.06 to 1.22) | 0.94 (0.91 to 0.98) |
| Age (years) | ||
| ≥55 (ref) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 40–54 | 2.03 (1.84 to 2.25) | 1.08 (1.03 to 1.13) |
| 25–39 | 3.16 (2.86 to 3.49) | 1.17 (1.11 to 1.23) |
| 18–24 | 5.75 (5.11 to 6.47) | 1.34 (1.25 to 1.43) |
| Education (age at completion, years) | ||
| ≤15 (ref) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 16–19 | 1.47 (1.30 to 1.66) | 1.08 (1.02 to 1.14) |
| ≥20 | 1.65 (1.45 to 1.88) | 1.22 (1.15 to 1.29) |
| Area of residence | ||
| Rural | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Urban | 1.21 (1.12 to 1.31) | 1.02 (0.98 to 1.06) |
| Difficulty in paying bills | ||
| Almost never/never (ref) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| From time to time/most of the time | 1.07 (0.99 to 1.16) | 0.96 (0.92 to 1.00) |
| Smoking status | ||
| Never smoker (ref) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Current smoker | 23.36 (20.86 to 26.17) | 1.00 (0.96 to 1.05) |
| Former smoker | 6.54 (5.74 to 7.45) | 1.19 (1.14 to 1.25) |
aOR, adjusted ORs.