Association of tobacco retailer density near schools with smoking and actual and attempted purchase of tobacco among New Zealand students (n=27 238)
| Tobacco retailer density within 1000 m of the school | Tobacco retailer density within 500 m of the school | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Outcome variable | Retailer density | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR* (95% CI) | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR* (95% CI) |
| Current smoking (n=952) | Zero density | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Medium density | 0.86 (0.76 to 0.97) | 0.79 (0.65 to 0.96) | 0.88 (0.79 to 0.98) | 0.89 (0.8 to 0.99) | |
| High density | 0.72 (0.64 to 0.81) | 0.80 (0.67 to 0.96) | 0.65 (0.57 to 0.73) | 0.75 (0.65 to 0.87) | |
| Experimental smoking (n=1128) | Zero density | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Medium density | 1.01 (0.77 to 1.303) | 0.95 (0.83 to 1.07) | 0.85 (0.71 to 1.02) | 0.83 (0.71 to 0.97) | |
| High density | 0.87 (0.64 to 1.17) | 0.94 (0.82 to 1.07) | 0.87 (0.73 to 1.04) | 0.99 (0.86 to 1.14) | |
| Susceptibility to smoking (n=10 454) | Zero density | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Medium density | 1.01 (0.95 to 1.09) | 1.03 (0.95 to 1.11) | 0.97 (0.89 to 1.06) | 0.98 (0.89 to 1.08) | |
| High density | 0.96 (0.91 to 1.03) | 1.07 (1.01 to 1.16) | 0.98 (0.94 to 1.03) | 1.09 (1.03 to 1.14) | |
| Purchased tobacco past 30 days (n=381) | Zero density | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Medium density | 1.27 (0.92 to 1.75) | 1.27 (0.88 to 1.84) | 1.16 (0.84 to 1.603) | 1.13 (0.83 to 1.54) | |
| High density | 1.38 (0.94 to 2.05) | 1.33 (0.89 to 1.99) | 1.18 (1.01 to 1.41) | 1.14 (0.98 to 1.33) | |
| Tried to purchase tobacco (current smokers only) (n=419) | Zero density | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Medium density | 1.22 (0.85 to 1.74) | 1.16 (0.8 to 1.68) | 1.11 (0.8 to 1.55) | 1.06 (0.75 to 1.49) | |
| High density | 1.77 (1.27 to 2.47) | 1.52 (1.26 to 1.84) | 1.39 (1.0 to 1.94) | 1.18 (0.83 to 1.67) | |
Cell entries are ORs from logistic regressions, adjusting for sex, age, ethnicity, parental and friend smoking, school decile, and urban/rural. Density measures the number of tobacco retailers within polygons centred on a school’s central campus encompassing all areas within 500 and 1000 m distances along the road network. Bold text indicates statistically significant results.