Table 1

Characteristics of smokers by presence of the Turkish tax stamp on their cigarette pack, Turkey, 2013 (n=1900)

CharacteristicTurkish tax stamp
PresentAbsent
Sexn%n%pAdjusted OR* (95% CI)
 Female67485.511314.50.1141
 Male97488.813911.20.51 (0.21 to 1.24)
Age (years)
 ≥657674.71725.30.0941
 18–2418286.62613.41.76 (0.18 to 17.65)
 25–4491288.913311.11.74 (0.51 to 5.93)
 45–6447888.57611.51.94 (0.63 to 5.96)
Education level
 Less than primary school4750.93949.1 <0.001 1
 Primary/secondary school90587.515012.5 3.56 (1.47 to 8.63)
 High school44290.7489.3 2.83 (1.18 to 6.82)
 University or higher25295.7144.3 5.65 (1.00 to 32.05)
Employment status
 Unemployed16770.67029.4 <0.001 1
 Employed68993.7606.31.75 (0.57 to 5.42)
 Housewife44781.49918.60.83 (0.28 to 2.46)
 Student8294.765.33.06 (0.25 to 37.85)
 Retired26094.1175.91.62 (0.45 to 5.82)
Marital status
 Married120187.419012.60.5811
 Never married31889.53810.50.86 (0.26 to 2.84)
 Widowed/divorced12986.92313.10.71 (0.28 to 1.84)
Region of residence
 East14051.912948.1 <0.001 1
 West83596.0394.03.76 (0.88 to 16.07)
 Central-North52995.4234.6 3.70 (1.22 to 11.18)
 South14467.86132.21.31 (0.41 to 4.22)
Settlement area
 Rural41884.110015.9 0.026 1
 Urban123090.21529.81.83 (0.85 to 3.93)
Cigarette price (TL)
 <5.0 (€ 2.05)5418.821181.2 <0.001 1
 ≥5.0158897.9312.1 114.32 (54.43 to 240.10)
Total164887.925212.1
  • Bold values indicate significant difference.

  • *Logistic regression analysis was run with 1893 people.

  • TL, Turkish lira.