Summary of Philip Morris studies of changes in biomarkers in IQOS users compared with conventional cigarette smokers after 90 days of product use (95% CIs in parenthesis)
| Japan | USA | |
| Inflammation (6.1.4.4.2**) | ||
| White cell count |
−0.57 GI/L (−1.04 to −0.10) | 0.17 GI/L (−0.47 to 0.81) |
| C-reactive protein (CRP) | 6.41% ↓ (−40.75 to 37.77) | 16.23% ↓ (−21.69 to 42.33) |
| Soluble ICAM (sICAM-1) |
8.72% ↓ (2.05 to 14.94) |
10.59% ↓ (4.03 to 16.71) |
| Fibrinogen | 5.42% ↓ (−1.80 to 12.13) | 1.63% ↓ (−6.42 to 9.08) |
| Oxidative stress (6.1.4.4.3) | ||
| Prostaglandin F2 alpha (8-epi-PGF2α) |
12.71% ↓ (2.55 to 21.81) | 13.46% ↓ (−1.95 to 23.61) |
| 11-dehydrothromboxane B2 (11DTXB2) | 5.42% ↓ (−1.80 to 12.13) | 3.56% ↓ (−23.31 to 24.57) |
| Cholesterol and triglycerides (6.1.4.4.4) | ||
| High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) |
4.53 mg/dL (1.17 to 7.88) | 1.4 mg/dL (−2.3 to 5.0) |
| Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) | 0.87 mg/dL (−6.55 to 8.30) | −3.3 mg/dL (−12.0 to 5.4) |
| Total cholesterol | 2.00 mg/dL (−6.68 to 10.67) | −4.0 mg/dL (−13.3 to 5.2) |
| Triglycerides | −6.25 mg/dL (−21.20 to 8.69) | 0.9 mg/dL (−12.8 to 14.6) |
| Apolipoprotein A1 (apoA1) | NA | 3.1 mg/dL (−4.6 to 10. 7) |
| Apolipoprotein B (apoB) | NA | −1.6 mg/dL (−7.24 to 4.03) |
| Physiological measures | ||
| Systolic blood pressure | −0.59 mm Hg (−3.80 to 2.62) | −0.7 mm Hg (−4.5 to 3.1) |
| Diastolic blood pressure | −0.68 mm Hg (−3.04 to 1.69) | 0.2 mm Hg (−3.7 to 4.0) |
| Lung function (6.1.4.4.5) | ||
| Forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) | 1.91 %Pred (−0.14 to 3.97) | 0.53 %Pred (−2.09 to 3.00) 0.05 L (−0.06 to 0.15) |
| FEV1/FVC (forced vital capacity) | NA | 0.00 (−0.02 to 0.02) |
| Mid-expiratory flow (MEF 25–75) (L/s) | NA | −0.67 (−6.33 to 4.99) |
| Diffusion capacity for lung CO (DLCO) (mL/min/mm Hg) | NA | 0.31 (−1.09 to 1.72) |
| Rate constant of CO (KCO) (mmol/min/kPa/L) | NA | 0.05 (−0.02 to 0.12) |
| Total lung capacity (TLC) (L) | NA | 0.09 (−0.25 to 0.43) |
| Functional residual volume (FRV) (L) | NA | −0.09 (−0.31 to 0.13) |
| Inspiratory capacity (IC) (L) | NA | 0.21 (−0.08 to 0.51) |
| Vital capacity (VC) (L) | NA | 0.10 (0.00 to 0.21) |
| Summary | ||
| Number of biomarkers tested | 13 | 24 |
| Number significantly improved | 3 | 1 |
| Number expected by chance | 1 | 1 |
| Sample sizes | ||
| IQOS | 70 | 47† |
| Conventional cigarettes | 41 | 32‡ |
| Smoking abstinence | 37 | 9§ |
The results are either IQOS:CC or IQOS-CC (conventional cigarettes).
Bold results are statistically significant differences (p<05).
*Section of Philip Morris International’s Modified Risk Tobacco Product application.
†n=45 for fibrinogen, 8-epi-PGF2α, 11DTXB2, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, DCLO and KCO.
‡n=30 for FEV1, FEV1/FVC, MEF 25–75, DLCO, KCO, TLC, FRV, IC and VC.
§n=8 for DLCO and 7 for KCO.
ICAM, intercellular adhesion molecule; NA, not applicable.