Logistic regression: at least 50% reduction in average cigarette consumption between wave 1 and wave 2, PATH (2013–2015) (n=4672)
| Substantial reduction at wave 2 | |||
| Adjusted OR | (95% CI) | P value | |
| Sex | |||
| Male | Ref | – | – |
| Female | 0.80 | (0.68 to 0.95) | 0.011 |
| Age | |||
| 25–34 years | Ref | – | – |
| 35–44 years | 0.80 | (0.62 to 1.03) | 0.089 |
| 45–54 years | 0.77 | (0.58 to 1.01) | 0.057 |
| 55–64 years | 1.13 | (0.85 to 1.50) | 0.414 |
| 65–74 years | 0.69 | (0.43 to 1.11) | 0.129 |
| ≥75 years | 0.72 | (0.27 to 1.89) | 0.503 |
| Race/ethnicity | |||
| Non-Hispanic white | Ref | – | – |
| Non-Hispanic black | 1.68 | (1.31 to 2.17) | <0.001 |
| Hispanic | 1.43 | (1.08 to 1.88) | 0.012 |
| Non-Hispanic other | 1.29 | (0.80 to 2.08) | 0.297 |
| Region | |||
| Northeast | Ref | – | – |
| Midwest | 1.16 | (0.80 to 1.70) | 0.424 |
| South | 1.29 | (0.89 to 1.87) | 0.175 |
| West | 1.42 | (0.96 to 2.10) | 0.081 |
| Household Income | |||
| Below poverty level | Ref | – | – |
| At or near poverty level | 0.91 | (0.72 to 1.15) | 0.430 |
| ≥Twice poverty level | 0.78 | (0.62 to 0.98) | 0.037 |
| Education | |||
| Less than high school | Ref | – | – |
| High school or equivalent | 0.94 | (0.75 to 1.18) | 0.591 |
| Some college | 0.99 | (0.76 to 1.30) | 0.957 |
| Bachelor’s/advanced degree | 1.01 | (0.70 to 1.47) | 0.952 |
| Lived in a smoking household as a child | |||
| No | Ref | – | – |
| Yes | 0.79 | (0.65 to 0.96) | 0.017 |
| Currently lives with a cigarette smoker | |||
| No | Ref | – | – |
| Yes | 1.11 | (0.92 to 1.34) | 0.275 |
| Frequency of cigarette use at wave 1 | |||
| Some-day cigarette smoker | Ref | – | – |
| Everyday cigarette smoker | 0.44 | (0.34 to 0.57) | <0.001 |
| Intensity of cigarette smoking at wave 1 | |||
| <1 pack per day | Ref | – | – |
| 1–2 packs per day | 1.76 | (1.35 to 2.31) | <0.001 |
| ≥2 packs per day | 5.33 | (3.68 to 7.71) | <0.001 |
| Time to first cigarette in the morning | |||
| ≤5 min | Ref | – | – |
| 6–29 min | 1.20 | (0.95 to 1.52) | 0.123 |
| 30–59 min | 0.83 | (0.37 to 1.84) | 0.640 |
| ≥60 min | 1.67 | (1.27 to 2.20) | <0.001 |
| Tried to quit smoking cigarettes in year prior to wave 1 | |||
| No | Ref | – | – |
| Yes | 1.41 | (1.18 to 1.68) | <0.001 |
| New e-cigarette use at wave 2 | |||
| Non-user | Ref | – | – |
| Experimental e-cigarette user | 1.08 | (0.78 to 1.48) | 0.641 |
| Some-day e-cigarette user | 1.00 | (0.58 to 1.74) | 0.988 |
| Everyday e-cigarette user | 5.70 | (3.47 to 9.35) | <0.001 |
e-cigarette, electronic cigarette; PATH, Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health; Ref, reference.