Flavoured product choice models
| Panel A | Cigarette choice model | Cigarette choice model with interactions | ||||||
| Coef. (SE) | Sig. | Coef. (SE) | Sig | |||||
| Parameters | ||||||||
| Constant: menthol combustible cigarette | −0.38 (0.035) | ** | Panel (B) | |||||
| Constant: tobacco e-cigarette | −0.55 (0.037) | ** | Panel (B) | |||||
| Constant: menthol e-cigarette | −0.88 (0.058) | ** | Panel (B) | |||||
| Constant: fruit/sweet e-cigarette | −0.71 (0.040) | ** | Panel (B) | |||||
| Constant: none of these | −1.87 (0.049) | ** | −1.93 (0.052) | ** | ||||
| Price | −0.08 (0.002) | ** | −0.08 (0.003) | ** | ||||
| Nicotine: none | −0.15 (0.024) | ** | −0.15 (0.026) | ** | ||||
| Nicotine: low | −0.04 (0.019) | −0.04 (0.019) | ||||||
| Nicotine: high | −0.06 (0.015) | ** | −0.06 (0.015) | ** | ||||
| Health: unknown | 0.30 (0.033) | ** | 0.31 (0.032) | ** | ||||
| Health: two life years lost | 0.37 (0.036) | ** | 0.38 (0.036) | ** | ||||
| Health: five life years lost | 0.18 (0.027) | ** | 0.19 (0.028) | ** | ||||
| Diagnostic information | ||||||||
| K | 12 | 72 | ||||||
| Observations | 24 372 | 24 372 | ||||||
| LL (constants only) | −79 549.34 | −79 549.34 | ||||||
| LL (fitted model) | −78 188.91 | −75 969.00 | ||||||
| Panel B | Menthol combustible cigarette | Tobacco e-cigarette | Menthol e-cigarette | Fruit/sweet e-cigarette | ||||
| Coef. (SE) | Sig. | Coef. (SE) | Sig. | Coef. (SE) | Sig. | Coef. (SE) | Sig. | |
| Constant for each flavoured cigarette | −0.76 (0.106) | ** | −1.12 (0.087) | ** | −1.72 (0.133) | ** | −1.48 (0.101) | ** |
| Younger adult (<25) | 0.37 (0.112) | ** | 0.26 (0.099) | ** | 0.41 (0.139) | ** | 0.61 (0.109) | ** |
| Older adult (>54) | −0.52 (0.109) | ** | −0.20 (0.086) | * | −0.19 (0.129) | −0.62 (0.107) | ** | |
| Female | 0.14 (0.078) | 0.05 (0.065) | −0.08 (0.094) | −0.02 (0.076) | ||||
| African-American | 0.52 (0.110) | ** | 0.09 (0.117) | 0.61 (0.147) | ** | 0.31 (0.119) | * | |
| Asian | 0.22 (0.214) | 0.36 (0.210) | 0.46 (0.261) | 0.43 (0.222) | ||||
| Hispanic | −0.02 (0.132) | −0.04 (0.116) | 0.18 (0.162) | −0.03 (0.131) | ||||
| Other | 0.12 (0.252) | −0.17 (0.208) | −0.28 (0.275) | −0.39 (0.242) | ||||
| Higher education | 0.21 (0.084) | * | 0.14 (0.070) | * | 0.25 (0.098) | * | 0.24 (0.081) | ** |
| High income | 0.14 (0.085) | 0.07 (0.070) | 0.07 (0.102) | 0.08 (0.084) | ||||
| Household >2 | 0.19 (0.081) | * | 0.18 (0.068) | ** | 0.33 (0.098) | ** | 0.27 (0.079) | ** |
| Low SR health | 0.21 (0.080) | ** | −0.02 (0.071) | 0.09 (0.100) | −0.02 (0.080) | |||
| Quit attempts | 0.00 (0.079) | 0.16 (0.069) | * | 0.19 (0.099) | 0.19 (0.079) | * | ||
| Use both combustible and e-cigarettes (dual user) | 0.16 (0.084) | 0.59 (0.069) | ** | 0.65 (0.101) | ** | 0.83 (0.081) | ** | |
| Use only e-cigarettes (vaper) | −0.10 (0.171) | 1.22 (0.145) | ** | 1.63 (0.183) | ** | 1.69 (0.156) | ** | |
| Recent quitter | −0.59 (0.150) | ** | 0.13 (0.120) | 0.18 (0.175) | 0.19 (0.144) | |||
Dependent variable: product choice. Reference (omitted) product: tobacco cigarette. Panel A shows the basic exploded logit model with no interactions and the base coefficients for the fully interacted model. It also displays diagnostic information on the number of parameters (K), observations and log-likelihood (LL) values of the constants only (ie, market share) model and the respective fitted models. Panel B shows the flavoured product constant terms’ interactions with sociodemographic and smoking status variables.
Coef. denotes the coefficient estimates; quit attempts: no quit attempts in the past year; race, white; clustered at the individual level, in parentheses. Sig., significance.
Reference categories: ages: 25-54; gender: male; race: white; ethnicity: non-Hispanic; education: lower education; income: low income (<US$55.00); household size: <3; low SR health: medium or high SR health; quit attempts: no quit attempts in the past year; smoker categories: smoker of cigarettes (only).
*P<0.05, **P<0.01.