Table 1a

Weighted Percentage of Tobacco and Product-Specific Initiation at W2 or W3 Among W1 Never Users

W1 (2013/14)W2 (2014/15) or W3 (2015/16)
P12M InitiationP30D InitiationFrequent P30D Initiation
YouthWeighted %95%CIWeighted %95%CIWeighted %95%CI
Never tobacco use 24.4 (23.4-25.4) 9.5 (8.8-10.2) 1.3 (1.1-1.6)
Never cigarette use9.9a,d (9.3-10.6)4.7a,b,d (4.2-5.3)0.6b,c (0.5-0.8)
Never ENDS* use22.7a,e,f,g (21.6-23.7)6.4a,e,f,g (5.8-7.1)0.9e,f,g (0.7-1.2)
Never hookah use8.9e,i (8.3-9.7)3.4b,e,i (3.0-3.8)0.2b,e,i (0.1-0.4)
Never cigar use9.0f,j (8.3-9.7)4.0f,j (3.7-4.4)0.1c,f,j (0.1-0.2)
Never smokeless use4.2d,g,i,j (3.7-4.7)1.8d,g,i,j (1.6-2.1)0.5g,i,j (0.4-0.7)
Young adults Weighted % 95%CI Weighted % 95%CI Weighted % 95%CI
Never tobacco use 22.8 (20.0-26.0) 12.2 (10.1-14.6) 1.7 (1.1-2.7)
Never cigarette use10.3a,b,d (8.8-12.0)6.1d (5.1-7.4)1.1b,c (0.7-1.6)
Never ENDS use28.4a,e,f,g (26.5-30.4)7.4g (6.4-8.4)1.0e,f,g (0.7-1.5)
Never hookah use14.1b,e,i (12.5-15.8)6.4i (5.3-7.7)0.2†b,e (0.1-0.4)
Never cigar use12.0f,j (10.8-13.4)7.2j (6.2-8.4)0.3†c,f (0.2-0.6)
Never smokeless use2.5d,g,i,j (2.1-2.9)1.4d,g,i,j (1.1-1.7)0.4g (0.2-0.6)
Adults 25+ Weighted % 95%CI Weighted % 95%CI Weighted % 95%CI
Never tobacco use 4.0 (3.1-5.0) 2.7 (2.0-3.6) 0.4† (0.2-0.9)
Never cigarette use2.4a,d (1.8-3.2)1.8b,d (1.3-2.6)0.4†(0.2-0.7)
Never ENDS use6.7a,e,f,g (6.3-7.2)2.3e,g (2.0-2.5)0.5e,g (0.4-0.6)
Never hookah use1.4e,h,i (1.2-1.7)0.7b,e,h (0.6-0.9)0.0e,h (0.0-0.1)
Never cigar use3.3f,h,j (2.8-3.9)2.1h,j (1.8-2.6)0.3h,j (0.2-0.5)
Never smokeless use0.7d,g,i,j (0.5-0.8)0.5d,g,j (0.4-0.7)0.1†g,j (0.0-0.1)
  • W1 total group unweighted denominators (P12M initiation/P30D initiation/Frequent P30D initiation):

  • Never tobacco use - youth (ages 12-17): 8,245/8,143/8,078; young adults (ages 18-24): 1,312/1,308/1,295; adults 25+ (ages 25 and older): 2,043/2,046/2,039

  • Never cigarette use - youth: 9,596/9,590/9,576; young adults: 2,310/2,310/2,294; adults 25+: 2,903/2,906/2,894

  • Never ENDS use - youth: 9,849/9,793/9,764; young adults: 3,697/3,651/3,639; adults 25+: 11,532/11,403/11,431

  • Never hookah use - youth: 10,239/10,231/10,199; young adults: 2,921/2,924/2,920; adults 25+: 13,071/13,083/13,065

  • Never cigar use - youth: 9,916/9,876/9,849; young adults: 2,817/2,818/2,770; adults 25+: 7,494/7,510/7,444

  • Never smokeless use - youth: 10,252/10,248/10,236; young adults: 5,145/5,152/5,135; adults 25+: 13,116/13,155/13,094

  • Analysis included youth, young adult, and adult 25+ W1 never tobacco or tobacco product users with data at W1, W2, and W3. Respondent age was calculated based on age at W1. W3 longitudinal (all-waves) weights were used to calculate estimates.

  • Never tobacco/product initiation is defined as not having used any tobacco or the specific product, even once or twice in lifetime.

  • 1) P12M initiation: Defined as a never user at W1 who used any tobacco or the specific product within the past 12 months at W2 or W3.

  • 2) P30D initiation (a subset of P12M initiation): Defined as a never user at W1 who used any tobacco or the specific product within the past 30 days at W2 or W3.

  • 3) Frequent P30D initiation (a subset of P30D initiation): Defined as a never user at W1 who used any tobacco or the specific product within the past 30 days on at least 20 or more days at W2 or W3.

  • All significance tests were done between product initiations only (not any tobacco initation).

  • adenotes significant difference at p<0.005 (Bonferroni corrected for ten comparisons) between cigarette and ENDS

  • bdenotes significant difference at p<0.005 (Bonferroni corrected for ten comparisons) between cigarette and hookah

  • cdenotes significant difference at p<0.005 (Bonferroni corrected for ten comparisons) between cigarette and cigar

  • ddenotes significant difference at p<0.005 (Bonferroni corrected for ten comparisons) between cigarette and smokeless

  • edenotes significant difference at p<0.005 (Bonferroni corrected for ten comparisons) between ENDS and hookah

  • fdenotes significant difference at p<0.005 (Bonferroni corrected for ten comparisons) between ENDS and cigar

  • gdenotes significant difference at p<0.005 (Bonferroni corrected for ten comparisons) between ENDS and smokeless

  • hdenotes significant difference at p<0.005 (Bonferroni corrected for ten comparisons) between hookah and cigar

  • idenotes significant difference at p<0.005 (Bonferroni corrected for ten comparisons) between hookah and smokeless

  • jdenotes significant difference at p<0.005 (Bonferroni corrected for ten comparisons) between cigar and smokeless

  • *Respondents were asked about “e-cigarettes” at W1 and “e-products” (i.e., e-cigarettes, e-cigars, e-pipes, and e-hookah) at W2 and W3

  • The logit-transformation method was used to calculate the 95% CIs.

  • †Estimate should be interpreted with caution because it has low statistical precision. It is based on a denominator sample size of less than 50, or the coefficient of variation of the estimate or its complement is larger than 30%.

  • Analyses were run on the W1, W2, and W3 Public Use Files (https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR36498.v8).

  • CI, confidence interval; ENDS, electronic nicotine delivery system; P30D, past 30-day; P12M, past 12-month; W1, Wave 1; W2, Wave 2; W3, Wave 3.