Changes in consumption, unweighted n (weighted %)* | Reduced consumption, OR (95% CI) | Increased consumption, OR (95% CI) | |||||
No change | Reduced | Increased | Model 1† | Model 2‡ | Model 1† | Model 2‡ | |
Tobacco smoking (N=280) | |||||||
Exposure to the claims | |||||||
No | 140 (77.1) | 35 (75.1) | 31 (66.8) | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) |
Yes | 43 (22.9) | 14 (24.9) | 17 (33.3) | 1.30 (0.63 to 2.69) | 1.32 (0.63 to 2.78) | 2.16 (1.04 to 4.49)§ | 2.37 (1.08 to 5.20)§ |
Home isolation (0–7 days) | |||||||
Mean±SD | 3.2±1.8 | 3.7±1.8 | 4.0±1.7 | 1.19 (0.98 to 1.43) | 1.19 (0.97 to 1.45) | 1.19 (0.98 to 1.44) | 1.29 (1.04 to 1.61)§ |
PHQ-4 score (0–16) | |||||||
Mean±SD | 7.0±2.3 | 8.0±2.4 | 8.8±3.2 | 1.20 (1.05 to 1.37)¶ | 1.20 (1.05 to 1.37)¶ | 1.30 (1.13 to 1.49)** | 1.26 (1.09 to 1.45)¶ |
Alcohol drinking (N=722) | |||||||
Exposure to the claims | |||||||
No | 364 (80.9) | 190 (79.7) | 23 (60.1) | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) |
Yes | 72 (19.1) | 54 (20.3) | 19 (39.9) | 1.22 (0.81 to 1.84) | 1.27 (0.84 to 1.94) | 4.30 (2.15 to 8.60)** | 4.16 (2.00 to 8.67)** |
Home isolation (0–7 days) | |||||||
Mean±SD | 3.4±1.7 | 3.5±1.8 | 4.1±1.9 | 1.04 (0.95 to 1.14) | 1.03 (0.94 to 1.14) | 1.26 (1.05 to 1.51)§ | 1.28 (1.05 to 1.57)§ |
PHQ-4 score (0–16) | |||||||
Mean±SD | 7.0±2.3 | 6.8±2.4 | 8.8±3.3 | 0.94 (0.88 to 1.01) | 0.94 (0.88 to 1.01) | 1.31 (1.16 to 1.47)¶ | 1.26 (1.10 to 1.44)¶ |
*Weighted by sex, age and education of the general adult population in Hong Kong.
†Adjusted for survey method, sex, age and education level.
‡Adjusted for survey method, sex, age, education level, tobacco/alcohol use status and other variables in the table.
§p<0.05.
¶p<0.01.
**p<0.001.
PHQ-4, Patient Health Questionnaire-4.