Table 2

Summary of how the models have been applied

Model	Tobacco			Country-specific application of model (no multicountry comparisons)*	Multiple countries in one citation*	World Bank classification	Funding source/potential conflict of interest
Model	Targeted tobacco product(s)*	Tobacco control intervention(s) modelled*	Interventions modelled independently only or joint interventions*		Multiple countries in one citation*	World Bank classification	Funding source/potential conflict of interest
Abridged SimSmoke	Cigarettes	MPOWER	Interventions modelled independently and joint interventions	Israel29	Yes8 32	High-income and low-income and middle-income countries	NCI, NIH/none
BENESCO	Cigarettes	NRT	Interventions modelled independently only	Belgium,65 USA,22 Sweden66	No	High-income country	Pfizer22–24
BODE³	Cigarettes	Endgame interventions, tobacco tax increases, quitline with media campaign promotion, apps for quitting, use of electronic nictotine delivery systems (ENDS)	Interventions modelled independently and joint interventions	New Zealand9	No	High-income country	HRC New Zealand/none
EQUIPTMOD	Cigarettes	Social marketing campaign, telephone support, smoking cessation services, internet-based interventions, financial incentive programme, NRT, tax, indoor smoking ban, brief physician advice	Interventions modelled independently and joint interventions	The Netherlands, Spain,	Yes	High-income countries	European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme/none
CA Higashi	Cigarettes	Tax, warning labels, mass media campaign, smoking bans, NRT, physician brief advice	Interventions modelled independently only	Vietnam, Tanzania	No	Middle-income and low-income and middle-income countries	Atlantic Philanthropies/none
CA Hoogenveen	Cigarettes	Eradication, hypothetical prevalence reduction, cessation	Interventions modelled independently only	The Netherlands	Yes67	High-income countries	No conflicts of interest to declare
DYNAMO-HIA	Cigarettes	Cessation, initiation, price increases	Interventions modelled independently only	The Netherlands44	Yes21 46	High-income countries	EU Public Health Programme 2003–2008, No conflicts of interest
PMI	Cigarettes	Modified Risk Tobacco Product	Interventions modelled independently only	USA,26 Japan,25 Austria, Canada, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Sweden, Switzerland47	No	High-Income countries	Various authors (Djurdjevic, Baker, Sponsiello-Wang, Weitkunat and Lüdicke) are employees of PMI group of companies. PN Lee is a long-term consultant to various tobacco companies and organisations.
SimSmoke	Cigarette and smokeless tobacco	Tax, youth initiation, mass media intervention, clean indoor air laws, tobacco treatment, cessation, health warnings, menthol ban, marketing restrictions, ENDS (vaping)	Interventions modelled independently and joint interventions	USA, Taiwan, South Korea, China, Vietnam, Argentina, Brazil, Thailand, Albania, Italy, Finland, The Netherlands, Germany, UK, Russia, Mexico	No	High-income and middle-income countries	Multiple/No conflicts of interest to declare
Tobacco Policy/CA Ahmad	Cigarettes	Raising legal smoking age, tax, lower nicotine cigarettes, low tar cigarette	Interventions modelled independently only	USA	No	High-income country	National Institute of Drug Abuse/None
CA Vos	Cigarettes	Snus, nicotine replacement therapy and call back counselling	Interventions modelled independently only	Australia	No	High-income country	NHMRC/None
CA Warner & Mendez	Cigarettes	ENDS	Interventions modelled independently only	USA	No	High-income country	Oregon Tobacco Prevention and Education Program64/None
WHO-CHOICE	Cigarettes	Tax, advertising bans, clean indoor air law enforcement, NRT	Interventions modelled independently and joint interventions	Estonia, Mexico	Yes17	High-income and low-income and middle-income countries	Estonian Ministry of Social Affairs, WHO and Ministry of Education

*Abstract and selective sections of studies identified in electronic search evaluated for these columns. Thus, there may be examples of model application beyond just cigarettes or just single interventions that were in publications beyond those we reviewed.
BENESCO, Benefits of Smoking Cessation on Outcomes; BODE³, Burden of Disease Epidemiology, Equity & Cost-Effectiveness Programme; DYNAMO-HIA, Dynamic Model of Health Impact Assessment; MPOWER, Monitoring tobacco use and prevention policies, Protect people from tobacco smoke, Offer help to quit tobacco use, Warn about the dangers of tobacco, Enforce bans on tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship and Raise taxes on tobacco; NRT, nicotine replacement therapies; PMI, Philip Morris International; WHO-CHOICE, WHO-CHOosing Interventions that are Cost Effective.