A. Stratified by the primarily used device and flavour of e-cigarettes | |||||
Coefficient estimate (SE) | |||||
Used closed-system e-cigarettes† with tobacco, menthol and non-flavoured (n=1008) | Used closed-system e-cigarettes with non-TM flavours (n=702) | Used open-system e-cigarettes with tobacco, menthol and non-flavoured (n=455) | Used open-system e-cigarettes with non-TM flavours (n=469) | ||
Product/device | Cigarettes | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Closed-system e-cigarettes | 0.55 (0.038)** | 0.66 (0.05)** | 0.54 (0.066)** | 0.46 (0.072)** | |
Open-system e-cigarettes | 0.39 (0.043)** | 0.69 (0.054)** | 1.14 (0.066)** | 1.17 (0.068)** | |
Heated tobacco products | −0.59 (0.047)** | −0.39 (0.06)** | −0.05 (0.071) | −0.25 (0.08)** | |
Flavour | Tobacco | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Menthol | 0 (0.035) | 0.04 (0.045) | 0.08 (0.055) | 0.22 (0.061)** | |
Non-flavoured | −0.2 (0.048)** | −0.03 (0.058) | −0.13 (0.073) | 0.1 (0.077) | |
Non-TM flavours | −0.12 (0.07) | 0.26 (0.081)** | −0.11 (0.098) | 0.8 (0.103)** | |
Price | Current market | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
50% higher | −0.08 (0.031)* | −0.29 (0.038)** | −0.13 (0.047)** | −0.64 (0.052)** | |
Nicotine | Regular | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Low | −0.11 (0.031)** | −0.09 (0.038)* | −0.18 (0.047)** | −0.05 (0.05) |
B. Stratified by smoking status | |||||
Coefficient estimate (SE) | |||||
Daily smoker (n=1088) | Weekly smoker (n=1250) | Former smoker (n=185) | Never smoker (n=119) | ||
Product/device | Cigarette | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Closed-system e-cigarette | 0.39 (0.038)** | 0.65 (0.038)** | 0.89 (0.116)** | 1.39 (0.171)** | |
Open-system e-cigarette | 0.55 (0.04)** | 0.78 (0.04)** | 1.3 (0.117)** | 1.68 (0.174)** | |
Heated tobacco product | −0.63 (0.046)** | −0.23 (0.043)** | −0.08 (0.133) | −0.05 (0.206) | |
Flavour | Tobacco | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Menthol | 0.02 (0.035) | 0.05 (0.033) | 0.04 (0.097) | 0.69 (0.141)** | |
Non-flavoured | −0.12 (0.046)** | −0.09 (0.043)* | −0.09 (0.118) | 0.21 (0.157) | |
Non-TM flavours | 0.002 (0.064) | 0.10 (0.060) | 0.66 (0.161)** | 1.16 (0.224)** | |
Price | Current market | 0 | |||
50% higher | −0.16 (0.03)** | −0.21 (0.028)** | −0.48 (0.081)** | −0.83 (0.118)** | |
Nicotine | Regular | 0 | |||
Low | −0.12 (0.03)** | −0.11 (0.028)** | −0.25 (0.079)** | 0.14 (0.108) |
C. Stratified by the region of residence | ||||||
Coefficient estimate (SE) | ||||||
HTP-sale region‡ (n=217) | West (n=848) | Midwest (n=415) | Northeast (n=470) | South§ (n=692) | ||
Product/device | Cigarette | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Closed-system e-cigarette | 0.73 (0.095)** | 0.56 (0.045)** | 0.54 (0.067)** | 0.54 (0.05)** | 0.55 (0.06)** | |
Open-system e-cigarette | 0.99 (0.099)** | 0.64 (0.047)** | 0.8 (0.068)** | 0.78 (0.052)** | 0.66 (0.064)** | |
Heated tobacco product | −0.001 (0.104) | −0.42 (0.053)** | −0.49 (0.08)** | −0.43 (0.058)** | −0.42 (0.07)** | |
Flavour | Tobacco | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Menthol | 0.09 (0.079) | 0.1 (0.04)* | 0.03 (0.06) | −0.01 (0.044) | 0.06 (0.054) | |
Non-flavoured | −0.07 (0.105) | 0.02 (0.052) | −0.07 (0.076) | −0.25 (0.059)** | −0.1 (0.07) | |
Non-TM flavours | 0.07 (0.141) | 0.22 (0.073)** | 0.38 (0.105)** | −0.01 (0.08) | 0.02 (0.1) | |
Price | Current market | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
50% higher | −0.19 (0.068)** | −0.14 (0.03)** | −0.38 (0.05)** | −0.15 (0.038)** | −0.35 (0.046)** | |
Nicotine level | Regular | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Low | −0.13 (0.068)* | −0.03 (0.03) | −0.16 (0.05)** | −0.19 (0.038)** | −0.09 (0.046)* |
Boldface indicates statistical significance. In all subtables, each column reported the result of one conditional logit regression specific for one group.
* p<0.05; **p<0.01.
†Disposable e-cigarette was included.
‡HTP-sale region is composed of three states—Georgia, Virginia and North Carolina. IQOS, the only authorised HTP in the USA, is currently available in Atlanta (Georgia), Richmond (Virginia) and Charlotte (North Carolina).40
§South region: three states were excluded—Georgia, Virginia, and North Carolina.
DCE, discrete choice experiment; HTP, heated tobacco product.