Table 1

Descriptive statistics

	Population percentage	Percentage of this category that are in tobacco-related debt
Farmers in tobacco-related debt (n=368):	57	100
Age (n=381):
Below 40 years	52	51
40+ years	48	63
Gender (n=379):
Female	12	43
Male	88	59
Farmers’ educational level (n=253):
No education	6	69
Primary education	34	64
Secondary education	59	51
Size of farm (n=370)
Less than or equal to 11.3 acres (4.57 hectares)	47	42
More than 11.3 acres (4.57 hectares)	53	70
Tobacco farming (n=381):
Tobacco farming as the primary occupation	86	59
Tobacco farming as the secondary occupation	14	42
Type of farmer (n=380):
Contract farmers	74	66
Independent farmers	26	31
Satisfaction with profit (n=333):
Always	12	28
Sometimes	7	65
Not at all	81	57
Type of labour (n=373):
Employ exclusively family labour	46	70
Employ hired labour	54	45
Record expenses (n=332):
Always	23	29
Sometimes	32	48
Not at all	46	70
Desire to shift to contract farming (n=84):
Highly unlikely	18	13
Unlikely	12	0
Neutral	7	50
Likely	17	21
Highly likely	46	46
Desire to shift to independent farming (n=263):
Highly unlikely	4	40
Unlikely	2	25
Neutral	3	75
Likely	38	82
Highly likely	53	55

Source, Authors’ own calculations