Table 5

Strength of the estimated association between demographic characteristics and tobacco retailer density under each licensing-law strategy in Ohio

Licensing-law strategy	African–American	Hispanic	Poverty
			Low prevalence <18			High prevalence <18
			Urban	Suburban	Rural	Urban	Suburban	Rural
No strategy (baseline)	1.12	1.19	1.53	1.59	1.87	1.41	1.46	1.43
Capping-based, 1 per thousand*	1.12	1.19	1.53	1.59	1.56	1.41	1.41	1.22
Capping-based, 0.7 per thousand*	1.11	1.15	1.53	1.81	1.50	1.43	1.51	1.20
Declustering-based, 200 ft*	1.13	1.19	1.52	1.56	1.86	1.42	1.45	1.45
Declustering-based, 500 ft*	1.08	1.20	1.50	1.62	1.95	1.47	1.53	1.50
School-based, 500 ft of a school	1.11	1.17	1.50	1.60	1.89	1.38	1.42	1.42
School-based, 1000 ft of school	1.04	1.13	1.44	1.59	1.92	1.31	1.45	1.45
Pharmacy-based	1.13	1.19	1.64	1.64	1.98	1.54	1.59	1.58
Capping-based and school-based*	1.03	1.09	1.44	1.81	1.55	1.33	1.50	1.22
Pharmacy-based and school-based	1.05	1.13	1.54	1.63	2.02	1.44	1.59	1.60

For each demographic characteristic, retailer rate ratios were obtained by fitting a negative binomial model to the retailer counts.
Bold values indicate that the median values of the rate ratios in a given policy approach are significantly different from the baseline ratio, after accounting for the bivariate spatial dependence in the counts.
*A policy that was implemented at random (250 times) to explore the potential variation (statistical uncertainty) of carrying out this policy approach. The table provides the median value over the 250 randomizations.