Correlates of smoking more than usual in the past week among current smokers
| % (95% CI) | Bivariate*: whole sample | Multivariable†: whole sample | Interaction with post-16 qualifications‡ | Multivariable†: no post-16 qualifications | Multivariable†: post-16 qualifications | ||||||
| OR (95% CI) | P value | ORadj
(95% CI) | P value | ORadj
(95% CI) | P value | ORadj
(95% CI) | P value | ORadj
(95% CI) | P value | ||
| Light smoker (<10 CPD) | 35.5 (34.0 to 37.0) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Heavy smoker (≥10 CPD) | 49.2 (47.7 to 50.8) | 1.77 (1.62 to 1.93) | <0.001 | 2.07 (1.87 to 2.28) | <0.001 | 0.98 (0.81 to 1.19) | 0.836 | – | – | – | – |
| Age 18–29 | 49.2 (46.9 to 51.5) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 30–39 | 51.1 (48.6 to 53.6) | 1.08 (0.94 to 1.24) | 0.279 | 0.98 (0.85 to 1.13) | 0.801 | 0.83 (0.62 to 1.11) | 0.209 | – | – | – | – |
| 40–49 | 41.6 (39.4 to 43.9) | 0.74 (0.65 to 0.84) | <0.001 | 0.62 (0.54 to 0.71) | <0.001 | 0.82 (0.62 to 1.08) | 0.152 | – | – | – | – |
| 50–59 | 36.9 (34.5 to 39.3) | 0.60 (0.53 to 0.69) | <0.001 | 0.48 (0.42 to 0.56) | <0.001 | 1.04 (0.77 to 1.40) | 0.801 | – | – | – | – |
| 60–69 | 33.7 (30.9 to 36.7) | 0.53 (0.45 to 0.62) | <0.001 | 0.41 (0.34 to 0.48) | <0.001 | 0.86 (0.62 to 1.21) | 0.386 | – | – | – | – |
| ≥70 | 22.3 (18.2 to 26.9) | 0.30 (0.23 to 0.39) | <0.001 | 0.24 (0.18 to 0.33) | <0.001 | 0.73 (0.41 to 1.29) | 0.282 | – | – | – | – |
| Male | 37.5 (36.0 to 39.0) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Female | 47.0 (45.5 to 48.5) | 1.47 (1.35 to 1.61) | <0.001 | 1.33 (1.21 to 1.46) | <0.001 | 1.26 (1.04 to 1.52) | 0.016 | 1.47 (1.28 to 1.69) | <0.001 | 1.23 (1.08 to 1.40) | 0.002 |
| Ethnicity: other | 38.5 (35.6 to 41.6) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| White | 42.9 (41.8 to 44.1) | 1.20 (1.05 to 1.38) | 0.009 | 1.09 (0.95 to 1.26) | 0.231 | 1.30 (0.97 to 1.74) | 0.085 | – | – | – | – |
| Post-16 qualifications: yes | 42.7 (41.2 to 44.2) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| No | 42.0 (40.5 to 43.6) | 0.97 (0.89 to 1.06) | 0.529 | 0.91 (0.83 to 1.00) | 0.051 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Key worker: no | 43.2 (41.9 to 44.4) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Yes | 40.0 (37.9 to 42.2) | 0.88 (0.80 to 0.98) | 0.017 | 0.79 (0.71 to 0.88) | <0.001 | 0.63 (0.50 to 0.78) | <0.001 | 0.59 (0.50 to 0.70) | <0.001 | 0.98 (0.85 to 1.13) | 0.772 |
| Comorbid health conditions: 0 | 42.3 (41.0 to 43.6) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| ≥1 | 42.6 (40.7 to 44.5) | 1.01 (0.92 to 1.11) | 0.810 | 1.18 (1.06 to 1.31) | 0.003 | 1.51 (1.23 to 1.86) | <0.001 | 1.42 (1.22 to 1.66) | <0.001 | 0.96 (0.82 to 1.12) | 0.601 |
| Confirmed or suspected COVID-19: no | 42.1 (41.0 to 43.3) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Yes | 44.4 (41.2 to 47.7) | 1.10 (0.96 to 1.26) | 0.189 | 0.94 (0.81 to 1.09) | 0.420 | 1.81 (1.35 to 2.43) | <0.001 | 1.30 (1.04 to 1.62) | 0.019 | 0.72 (0.59 to 0.88) | 0.001 |
| Significant stress about becoming seriously ill from COVID-19: no | 37.9 (36.7 to 39.2) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Yes | 53.2 (51.2 to 55.2) | 1.86 (1.69 to 2.05) | <0.001 | 1.84 (1.66 to 2.04) | <0.001 | 1.66 (1.35 to 2.03) | <0.001 | 2.35 (2.02 to 2.73) | <0.001 | 1.48 (1.28 to 1.71) | <0.001 |
| Survey date | – | 1.03 (1.02 to 1.03) | <0.001 | 1.03 (1.02 to 1.03) | <0.001 | 1.00 (0.99 to 1.01) | 0.524 | – | – | – | – |
All data are weighted to match the UK adult population on sex, age, ethnicity, education and country of living. ORs reflect the odds of reporting smoking more than usual compared with smoking about the same amount as usual.
*Bivariate (unadjusted) model.
†Multivariable model fully adjusted for all variables in the table.
‡Interaction between post-16 qualifications and each potential correlate added to multivariable model in turn. Key worker status was excluded from all interaction models with the exception of the interaction between post-16 qualifications and key worker status.
CPD, cigarettes per day; ORadj, adjusted OR.