Characteristics of the Kenyan and Zambian smokers (weighted)
| Variable | Overall (%) n=1246 | Kenya (%) n=644 | Zambia (%) n=602 | P value (Kenya vs Zambia) |
| Gender (% males) | 94.9 | 93.6 | 96.4 | 0.03 |
| Age group (years) | ||||
| 18–24 | 7.8 | 4.0 | 11.8 | <0.0001 |
| 25–39 | 40.0 | 38.2 | 41.9 | |
| 40–54 | 31.4 | 33.9 | 28.9 | |
| ≥55 | 20.8 | 23.9 | 17.4 | |
| Monthly household income | ||||
| Low | 48.5 | 54.2 | 42.4 | 0.0005 |
| Medium | 15.7 | 18.8 | 12.5 | |
| High | 25.8 | 14.6 | 37.8 | |
| Not Stated | 10.0 | 12.4 | 7.3 | |
| Level of education | ||||
| Low (illiterate/not completed primary school) | 6.6 | 4.5 | 8.9 | 0.06 |
| Moderate (completed primary school) | 48.6 | 49.6 | 47.5 | |
| High (secondary school or higher) | 44.8 | 45.9 | 43.6 | |
| Smoking status | ||||
| Daily | 89.6 | 91.9 | 87.0 | 0.005 |
| Non-daily | 10.4 | 8.1 | 13.0 | |
| Type of cigarette | ||||
| Roll-your-own cigarettes: only or with factory-made cigarettes | 30.6 | 15.1 | 47.2 | <0.0001 |
| Factory-made cigarettes only | 69.4 | 84.9 | 52.8 | |
| Menthol use | ||||
| Yes | 19.0 | 48.0 | <0.0001 | |