Overall (%) | Kenya (%) | Zambia (%) | |
Gender | |||
Male | 31.2* | 18.3 | 47.2†* |
Female | 45.6 | 29.1 | 64.8† |
Age group (years) | |||
18–24 | 33.8* | 6.8* | 66.2†* |
25–39 | 32.7 | 20.8* | 47.6† |
40–54 | 30.4 | 19.1* | 44.6†* |
≥55 | 20.9 | 13.3 | 31.0* |
Household income | |||
Low | 30.9 | 16.9 | 48.3† |
Medium | 34.5 | 23.9 | 47.6† |
High | 27.6 | 12.9 | 45.9† |
Not reported | 37.8 | 30.5 | 46.8 |
Level of education | |||
Low (illiterate/not completed primary school) | 23.4 | 16.4 | 32.2* |
Moderate (completed primary school) | 34.0 | 20.7 | 50.4†* |
High (secondary school or higher) | 30.8 | 17.6 | 47.1† |
Smoking status | |||
Non-daily | 43.8* | 21.9 | 68.7†* |
Daily | 30.0 | 18.0 | 44.9† |
Type of cigarette | |||
Roll-your-own cigarettes: only or with factory-made cigarettes | 15.2* | 15.9 | 14.4* |
Factory-made cigarettes only | 43.0 | 21.8 | 64.8† |
*Significant at p<0.05 (within each category/country).
†Significant at p<0.05 (between Kenya and Zambia).