Multivariable logistic regression: factors associated with menthol use by country
| Multivariable analysis AOR (95% CI) | ||
| Kenya | Zambia | |
| Gender | ||
| Male | 1 | 1 |
| Female | 3.07 (1.12 to 8.46) | 3.91 (1.69 to 9.03) |
| Level of education | ||
| Low (illiterate/ not completed primary school) | 1 | 1 |
| Moderate (completed primary school) | 1.98 (0.24 to 16.16) | 2.14 (1.10 to 4.17) |
| High (secondary school or higher) | 2.12 (0.25 to 17.65) | 1.92 (0.99 to 3.71) |
| Smoking status | ||
| Non-daily | 1.68 (0.71 to 3.97) | 2.29 (1.06 to 4.93) |
| Daily | 1 | 1 |
| Type of cigarette | ||
| Roll-your-own: only or with FM | 1 | 1 |
| Factory made (FM) only | 1.46 (0.40 to 5.30) | 14.71 (5.87 to 36.89) |
| Past quit attempt | ||
| No/not stated | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 0.67 (0.36 to 1.26) | 1.54 (1.04 to 2.27) |
| Perception that menthol is less harmful | ||
| Disagree/strongly disagree | 1 | 1 |
| Agree/strongly agree | 1.76 (0.95 to 3.25) | 3.80 (1.82 to 7.93) |
| Not stated | 1.70 (0.73 to 3.95) | 1.30 (0.59 to 2.86) |
| Having a quit intention | ||
| No/not stated | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 0.59 (0.32 to 1.09) | 0.52 (0.15 to 1.75) |
| Worrying that smoking will damage their health in the future | ||
| Not worried/a little worried/not stated | 1 | 1 |
| Moderately worried/very worried | 2.28 (1.15 to 4.50) | 1.22 (0.82 to 1.80) |
| Smoking can calm me down | ||
| Disagree/strongly disagree | 2.05 (1.02 to 4.12) | 1.79 (0.87 to 3.67) |
| Agree/strongly agree | 1 | 1 |
| Not stated | 0.26 (0.03 to 2.57) | 1.70 (1.10 to 2.63) |
| Reason for choosing brand: taste | ||
| No/not stated | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 0.89 (0.49 to 1.63) | 1.52 (0.96 to 2.42) |
| Reason for choosing brand: it is less harmful to my health | ||
| No/not stated | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 0.89 (0.47 to 1.69) | 3.52 (1.91 to 6.47) |
Bolded values indicate significant differences (tested at 0.05 significance level). All models controlled for sex, age groups, education, smoking status, type of cigarettes and time in sample.