Exterior and interior display of ‘no sales to minors’ sign, by city and school type
| Cigarette retailers (%) | E-cigarette retailers (%) | |||||||
| n | Signage inside or outside | Signage outside | Signage inside | n | Signage inside or outside | Signage outside | Signage inside | |
| Total | 1612 | 50.1 | 16.5 | 49.3 | 60 | 50.0 | 15.0 | 48.3 |
| By city | ||||||||
| Shanghai | 141 | 78.0 | 10.6 | 77.3 | 12 | 50.0 | 8.3 | 41.7 |
| Beijing | 107 | 80.4 | 4.7 | 80.4 | 3 | 33.3 | 0.0 | 33.3 |
| Guangzhou, Guangdong | 194 | 39.2 | 7.7 | 38.7 | 18 | 33.3 | 0.0 | 33.3 |
| Chongqing | 589 | 56.5 | 35.1 | 55.5 | 20 | 75.0 | 35.0 | 75.0 |
| Shenyang, Liaoning | 135 | 57.8 | 1.5 | 57.0 | – | – | – | – |
| Jinan, Shandong | 110 | 37.3 | 0.9 | 37.3 | 2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Kunming, Yunnan | 161 | 16.1 | 5.0 | 15.5 | – | – | – | – |
| Guilin, Guangxi | 60 | 35.0 | 20.0 | 30.0 | 4 | 50.0 | 25.0 | 50.0 |
| Kaifeng, Henan | 82 | 32.9 | 0.0 | 32.9 | 1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Baiyin, Gansu | 33 | 30.3 | 3.0 | 30.3 | – | – | – | – |
| χ2 (p value) | – | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | – | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| By urban/rural | ||||||||
| Urban (0–100 m) | 1092 | 53.8 | 16.0 | 53.0 | 56 | 46.4 | 14.3 | 44.6 |
| Rural (0–250 m) | 520 | 42.3 | 17.5 | 41.5 | 4 | 100.0 | 25.0 | 100.0 |
| χ2 (p value) | – | <0.001 | 0.46 | <0.001 | – | 0.04 | 0.56 | <0.001 |
| By school type | ||||||||
| Junior high schools | 773 | 47.3 | 15.5 | 46.4 | 25 | 48.0 | 8.0 | 48.0 |
| Senior high schools | 597 | 54.3 | 20.3 | 53.6 | 26 | 57.7 | 26.9 | 53.8 |
| Vocational senior high schools | 242 | 48.8 | 10.3 | 47.9 | 9 | 33.3 | 0.0 | 33.3 |
| χ2 (p value) | 0.02 | <0.001 | <0.01 | – | 0.44 | 0.07 | 0.18 | |
| By geographical location | ||||||||
| Central (Kaifeng) | 82 | 32.9 | 0.0 | 32.9 | 1 | 0.0 | 0.00 | 0.0 |
| East (Shanghai, Jinan) | 251 | 60.2 | 6.4 | 59.8 | 14 | 42.9 | 7.14 | 35.7 |
| North (Beijing) | 107 | 80.4 | 4.7 | 80.4 | 3 | 33.3 | 0.00 | 33.3 |
| Northeast (Shenyang) | 135 | 57.8 | 1.5 | 57.0 | – | – | – | – |
| Northwest (Baiyin) | 33 | 30.3 | 3.0 | 30.3 | – | – | – | – |
| South (Guangzhou) | 194 | 39.2 | 7.7 | 38.7 | 18 | 33.3 | 0.00 | 33.3 |
| Southwest (Chongqing, Kunming, Guilin) | 810 | 46.9 | 28.0 | 45.7 | 24 | 70.8 | 33.33 | 70.8 |
| χ2 (p value) | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | N/A | N/A | N/A | ||
| By city population | ||||||||
| <5 million people (Kaifeng, Baiyin) | 115 | 32.2 | 0.9 | 32.2 | 1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| 5–10 million people (Shenyang, Jinan, Kunming, Guilin) | 466 | 35.6 | 4.9 | 34.5 | 6 | 33.3 | 16.7 | 33.3 |
| >10 million people (Shanghai, Beijing, Guangzhou, Chongqing) | 1031 | 58.7 | 23.5 | 57.9 | 53 | 52.8 | 15.1 | 50.9 |
| χ2 (p value) | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | N/A | N/A | N/A | ||
| By economic development type | ||||||||
| Less developed cities (Chongqing, Shenyang, Kunming, Guilin, Kaifeng, Baiyin) | 1060 | 46.7 | 21.7 | 45.7 | 25 | 68.0 | 32.0 | 68.0 |
| Developed cities (Shanghai, Beijing, Guangzhou, Jinan) | 552 | 56.7 | 6.5 | 56.3 | 35 | 37.1 | 2.9 | 34.3 |
| χ2 (p value) | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.02 | <0.01 | <0.001 | ||
e-cigarette, electronic cigarette; N/A, not applicable.