Non-user versus dual user (n=154) | Exclusive cigarette versus dual user (n=1055) | Exclusive e-cigarette versus dual user (n=94) | ||||
E-cigarette characteristics | OR* | 95% CI | OR* | 95% CI | OR* | 95% CI |
Device type | ||||||
Disposable | 2.44 | 1.31 to 4.57 | 2.46 | 1.67 to 3.62 | 0.30 | 0.10 to 0.89 |
Cartridge | 1.47 | 0.89 to 2.45 | 1.42 | 1.07 to 1.90 | 0.83 | 0.48 to 1.44 |
Tank/mod | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
Other ENDS | 1.76 | 0.73 to 4.29 | 2.18 | 1.07 to 4.43 | 0.45 | 0.12 to 1.66 |
Flavours | ||||||
Tobacco flavour | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
Non-tobacco flavour | 0.43 | 0.28 to 0.67 | 0.51 | 0.39 to 0.67 | 1.32 | 0.78 to 2.25 |
Mint/menthol | 0.33 | 0.16 to 0.68 | 0.65 | 0.43 to 0.99 | 0.95 | 0.41 to 2.18 |
Sweet flavour | 0.54 | 0.32 to 0.90 | 0.50 | 0.37 to 0.69 | 1.63 | 0.91 to 2.92 |
Mint/menthol and sweet flavour | 0.30 | 0.14 to 0.62 | 0.34 | 0.21 to 0.55 | 0.89 | 0.40 to 2.00 |
Vaping frequency | ||||||
Daily vaping | 0.91 | 0.51 to 1.62 | 0.38 | 0.28 to 0.53 | 3.77 | 2.17 to 6.52 |
Non-daily vaping | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
Minutes to first e-cigarette puff | ||||||
≤5 | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
6–30 | 0.73 | 0.31 to 1.76 | 0.83 | 0.52 to 1.32 | 2.53 | 1.10 to 5.81 |
>30 | 1.16 | 0.52 to 2.57 | 1.30 | 0.89 to 1.90 | 1.40 | 0.63 to 3.10 |
*Adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, poverty level. Outcome reference is dual use at 24-month follow-up (n=456). Sample interpretation of OR: those with the characteristic at baseline were more likely (OR >1.0) or less likely (OR <1.0) than those without the characteristic to transition to the specified tobacco use pattern relative to remaining a dual user at 24 months.
e-cigarette, electronic cigarette; ENDS, electronic nicotine delivery system; mod, modifiable; PATH, Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health; Ref, reference.