Prevalence of tobacco-consuming households* (%)
| Population | % of population | Smoking prevalence (%) | |
| 1. Total | 56.46 | ||
| 2. Regions | |||
| Urban | 32 356 428 | 33.39 | 50.06 |
| Rural | 64 538 904 | 66.61 | 59.75 |
| Difference | 9.70*** | ||
| 3. Ethnic groups | |||
| Kinh and Hoa | 81 782 268 | 84.40 | 55.18 |
| Ethnic minorities | 15 113 064 | 15.60 | 64.57 |
| Difference | −9.39*** | ||
| 4. Consumption quantiles | |||
| 1st quantile (0%–20%) | 19 385 316 | 20 | 59.44 |
| 2nd quantile (20%–40%) | 19 377 577 | 20 | 59.52 |
| 3rd quantile (40%–60%) | 19 376 897 | 20 | 58.10 |
| 4th quantile (60%–80%) | 19 380 182 | 20 | 60.16 |
| 5th quantile (80%–100%) | 19 375 360 | 20 | 47.22 |
| Difference between the 1st and 5th quantiles | 12.22*** |
***p<0.001.
Source: Authors’ calculation using VHLSS 2018 and GSO-WB.
*There is at least one smoker in the household.
GSO-WB, General Statistics Office of Vietnam and the World Bank; VHLSS, Vietnam Household Living Standards Survey.