Participant characteristics at baseline by e-cigarette sales restriction (ESR) policy categories among baseline non-e-cigarette users (18–21 years; N=1665)
| ESR policy category 1* | ESR policy category 2† | ||||||
| All participants | Without ESRs | With any ESRs | P valueठ| With flavoured ESRs | With comprehensive ESRs | P valueठ| |
| N=1665 | N=1097 | N=568 | N=327 | N=241 | |||
| 65.9% | 34.1% | 19.6% | 14.5% | ||||
| Age | 0.861 | 0.064 | |||||
| 18 and 19 | 74.8% | 66.0% | 34.0% | 18.6% | 15.5% | ||
| 20 and 21 | 25.2% | 65.6% | 34.5% | 22.7% | 11.7% | ||
| Gender | 0.057 | 0.112 | |||||
| Female | 56.4% | 67.3% | 32.7% | 19.4% | 13.3% | ||
| Male | 37.5% | 62.7% | 37.3% | 20.4% | 17.0% | ||
| Other¶ | 6.1% | 72.6% | 27.5% | 17.7% | 9.8% | ||
| Sexual orientation | 0.084 | 0.226 | |||||
| Heterosexual | 22.3% | 64.8% | 35.2% | 20.3% | 14.9% | ||
| Other orientations** | 77.7% | 69.6% | 30.4% | 17.5% | 12.9% | ||
| Race and ethnicity | 0.000 | 0.000 | |||||
| Hispanic | 55.7% | 81.1% | 18.9% | 14.9% | 4.0% | ||
| Non-Hispanic white | 11.5% | 39.6% | 60.4% | 53.7% | 6.8% | ||
| Non-Hispanic Asian | 17.1% | 38.7% | 61.3% | 10.9% | 50.4% | ||
| Non-Hispanic other†† | 15.7% | 60.5% | 39.5% | 21.1% | 18.4% | ||
| Education level | 0.098 | 0.098 | |||||
| ≤High school | 39.3% | 68.4% | 31.6% | 17.1% | 14.0% | ||
| ≥Some college | 54.8% | 63.4% | 36.6% | 21.8% | 14.8% | ||
| Undetermined | 5.9% | 72.5% | 27.5% | 16.3% | 11.2% | ||
| Subjective financial status | 0.000 | 0.001 | |||||
| <Living comfortably‡‡ | 50.5% | 69.0% | 31.0% | 19.7% | 11.3% | ||
| Living comfortably | 43.2% | 61.1% | 38.9% | 20.2% | 18.8% | ||
| Undetermined | 6.3% | 74.3% | 25.7% | 15.2% | 10.5% | ||
| Current cigarette smoking | 0.490 | 0.735 | |||||
| Yes | 2.3% | 71.1% | 28.9% | 18.4% | 10.5% | ||
| No | 97.7% | 65.7% | 34.3% | 19.8% | 14.6% | ||
*ESR policy category 1 has two groups: without ESRs and with any ESRs (including flavoured or comprehensive ESRs).
†ESR policy category 2 has three groups: without ESRs, with flavoured ESR and with comprehensive ESRs.
‡Bolded text indicates statistical significance (p<0.05).
§Post-hoc analysis was conducted to examine within-group differences if between-group difference was significant.
¶‘Other’ category for gender includes those who did not report or gender other than female or male.
**‘Other’ category for sexual orientation includes asexual, bisexual, gay, lesbian, pansexual, queer, questioning or unsure, and other identities.
††‘Other’ category for race/ethnicity includes American Indian or Alaska Native, Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islanders.
‡‡<Living comfortably category includes met needs with a little left, just meet basic expenses and do not meet basic expenses.