The link between countries’ overall cigarette tax scores and cigarette consumption, 2014–2020
| Outcome | Log (cigarette consumption) | ||
| Sample | Whole sample | HICs | LMICs |
| Overall cigarette tax score | −0.09*** | −0.06*** | −0.09** |
| SE | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.03 |
| Year indicators | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Country indicators | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Mean (consumption in thousand sticks) | 0.97 | 1.10 | 0.88 |
| Mean (overall cigarette tax score) | 2.34 | 3.00 | 1.87 |
| Observations (n) | 381 | 158 | 223 |
| Countries (n) | 97 | 43 | 58 |
+p< 0.10; *p<0.05; **p<0.01; ***p<0.001. All regressions control for POWE scores, country-level gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, percentage of the population aged 15–64, percentage of the population aged 65 and older, year fixed effects, and country fixed effects. Standard errors (SEs) were clustered at the country level.
HICs, high-income countries; LMICs, low and middle-income countries.