Table 2

Description of selected tobacco control policies in 32 WHO European region countries with ESPAD 2019 data

	E-cigarette regulations					MPOWER
	Protection from exposure	Advertising bans	Taxation	Flavour regulation	Score	2014	2018	Increase
Austria	Partial	Partial	No	No	2	22	30	Yes
Bulgaria	None	Partial	No	No	1	28	30	Yes
Croatia	Partial	Partial	No	No	2	24	29	Yes
Cyprus	Partial	Partial	Yes	No	3	24	29	Yes
Czechia	Partial	Partial	No	No	2	26	30	Yes
Denmark	Partial	Partial	No	Yes	3	24	28	Yes
Estonia	Partial	Partial	Yes	Yes	4	23	30	Yes
Finland	Partial	Full	Yes	Yes	5	26	28	Yes
France	Partial	Partial	No	No	2	26	29	Yes
Georgia	Partial	Partial	Yes	No	3	20	31	Yes
Greece	Full	Partial	Yes	No	4	25	30	Yes
Hungary	Partial	Partial	Yes	Yes	4	28	28	No
Iceland	Partial	Full	No	No	3	24	24	No
Ireland	None	Partial	No	No	1	31	33	Yes
Italy	Partial	Partial	Yes	No	3	24	29	Yes
Latvia	Partial	Partial	Yes	No	3	26	29	Yes
Lithuania	Partial	Partial	Yes	No	3	24	27	Yes
Malta	Full	Partial	No	No	3	27	29	Yes
Monaco	None	None	No	No	0	12	10	No
Montenegro	None	None	Yes	No	1	25	25	No
Netherlands	Partial	Partial	No	No	2	25	28	Yes
North Macedonia	None	None	Yes	No	1	26	27	Yes
Norway	Full	Partial	No	No	3	30	30	No
Poland	Partial	Partial	No	No	2	24	28	Yes
Portugal	Partial	Partial	Yes	No	3	26	29	Yes
Romania	Partial	Partial	Yes	No	3	25	29	Yes
Serbia	None	Partial	Yes	No	2	24	24	No
Slovakia	None	Partial	No	No	1	24	28	Yes
Slovenia	Partial	Full	Yes	No	4	22	28	Yes
Spain	Partial	Partial	No	No	2	29	31	Yes
Sweden	None	Partial	Yes	No	2	22	26	Yes
Ukraine	Partial	None	No	No	1	29	29	No

Data for e-cigarette regulations were derived from the WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic 2021,1 validated with the WHO European Office for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases (NCD Office), and data for MPOWER from the WHO Global Health Observatory.26 The development of the e-cigarette regulation score and the MPOWER positive change score has been described in the Methods section. The MPOWER 2014–2018 positive change score is calculated from the following indicators: monitoring tobacco use and prevention policies, protecting from tobacco smoke, offering help to quit tobacco use, warning about the dangers of tobacco, enforcing bans on tobacco advertising and raising taxes on tobacco.
ESPAD, European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs.