Table 2

Stick buyer demographics

BangladeshIndiaKenyaThailandZambia
Gender−0.17 (0.23)0.84 (0.69)0.04 (0.37)0.68‡ (0.21)−0.18 (0.69)
Medium income−0.17* (0.10)−0.01 (0.14)−0.60‡ (0.22)−0.54‡ (0.14)0.60 (0.46)
High income−0.22† (0.10)−0.92‡ (0.17)−1.27‡ (0.28)−0.74‡ (0.14)0.34 (0.33)
Primary/lower secondary education−0.07 (0.07)−0.50† (0.23)−0.03 (0.44)−0.04 (0.19)1.18 (0.84)
Higher secondary/tertiary education0.06 (0.09)−1.09‡ (0.23)−0.30 (0.44)−0.92‡ (0.25)1.10 (0.87)
Age at recruitment−0.01‡ (0.00)−0.02‡ (0.01)−0.00(0.01)−0.02‡ (0.00)−0.04† (0.01)
N (obs)7731296113895331718
N (individuals)3929182811952292651
Waves43262
  • Source: Random-effects logistic regressions based on International Tobacco Control data. The dependent variable is a dummy variable equal to 1 if a respondent last bought loose cigarettes and 0 if they bought a pack; income is an ordered categorical variable ranging from 1 (low) to 3 (high), with low income used as a benchmark for the coefficients; education is a categorical variable ranging from 1 (illiterate) to 3 (secondary or tertiary education), with illiterate used as a benchmark for the coefficients; gender is a dummy equal to 1 if the respondent is female. Age is indicated at the point of recruitment to the survey.

  • *Indicates significance at 10%.

  • †Indicates significance at 5%.

  • ‡Indicates significance at 1%.