Table 2

Results of the crowding out analysis

Variable	Total	Low income	Middle income	High income
Food at home	0.000094***	0.000214***	0.000001	0.000014
Food away from home	0.000017**	0.000038*	0.000024**	0.000027**
Healthcare	−0.000105***	−0.000115***	−0.000066***	−0.000086***
Alcoholic beverages	0.000022***	0.000032***	0.000021***	0.000021***
Education	−0.000102***	−0.000179***	−0.000129***	−0.000099***
Entertainment	0.000007**	0.000024**	0.000004	0.000003
Housing	−0.000089***	−0.000223***	−0.000046***	−0.000029*
Clothing	−0.000004	0.000016	−0.000006	−0.000013**
Transport	0.000141***	0.000143***	0.000132***	0.000138***
Durable goods	0.000021***	0.000043**	0.000034***	0.000019*
Other	−0.000001	0.000007	0.000031***	0.000005

*P<0.1, **p<0.05, ***p<0.01.
Source: Prepared by Centro de Investigación Económica y Presupuestaria (CIEP) with data from National Survey of Household Income and Expenditure (ENIGH) 2020.6 The full results can be found in online supplemental appendix II.