Quit success among daily and all (daily+non-daily) menthol and non-menthol adult (18+) smokers after the Canadian menthol cigarette ban, with effect sizes applied to menthol smokers (all smokers and African American smokers), based on the number of US adult (18+) menthol smokers from the 2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH)
| Percentage of quitters among adult smokers from the pooled analysis (7 provinces from ITC Survey+Ontario from Ontario Study) | Effect size of Canadian menthol ban applied to all US adult menthol smokers | Effect size of Canadian menthol ban applied to African American adult menthol smokers | |||||
| Mainly menthol | Non-menthol | Difference: menthol ban effect size (95% CI) | All smokers (95% CI) | Daily smokers only (95% CI) | All smokers (95% CI) | Daily smokers only (95% CI) | |
| NSDUH 2019: number of US adult menthol smokers | N/A | N/A | N/A | 18 328 597 | 9 871 550 | 5 222 907 | 2 496 650 |
| Quit success: daily smokers | 21.2% | 13.2% | 8.0% (2.4% to 13.7%)* | N/A | 789 724 (236 917 to 1 352 402) | N/A | 199 732 (59 920 to 342 041) |
| Quit success: all smokers (daily+non-daily) | 22.3% | 15.0% | 7.3% (2.1% to 12.5%)** | 1 337 988 (384 901 to 2 291 075) | N/A | 381 272 (109 681 to 652 863) | N/A |
*P=0.005; **p=0.006.
Mainly menthol smokers: respondents who reported smoking menthol cigarettes ‘frequently’ (Ontario Study) or reported a menthol brand as their usual brand (ITC Survey). Definition of ‘frequent’ use of menthol is provided in online supplemental table 1.
Quit success: wave 1 smokers who reported at wave 2 that they were not smoking at all.
Implementation of menthol cigarette bans in the seven provinces included in analysis of the ITC Canada Survey data: Quebec (26 August 2016), Ontario (1 January 2017), Prince Edward Island (1 May 2017), Newfoundland and Labrador (1 July 2017), British Columbia (2 October 2017), Saskatchewan (2 October 2017), and Manitoba (2 October 2017).
ITC, International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation Project; NA, not applicable.