In a prospective study of 104 cocaine patients, a baseline assessment was conducted while Ss were in treatment. After treatment completion, Ss were assessed once a week for 12 weeks, then 6 months from study start. A goal of absolute abstinence, greater expected success in quitting, and positive moods predicted a lower risk of a lapse in the first 12 weeks of follow-up. Stress (negative moods, physical symptoms, hassles, and life events) did not predict. Use of more coping strategies predicted abstinence for Caucasian but not for African-American Ss. Baseline measures of expected success and desire to quit predicted continuous abstinence at 6 months but not at statistically significant levels. Results suggest that solidifying abstinence goals and enhancing positive moods may facilitate early abstinence.