Outpatients followed in an alcoholic clinic and who fulfilled DSM-III-R criteria for alcohol dependence and had used both tobacco (at least one cigarette every day) and alcohol in the preceding week were studied. For each patient, two experimenters assessed: (1) the amount of tobacco and alcohol used; (2) the severity of dependence for each product. Results showed that: (a) The prevalence of smoking in this population of current alcohol dependents was 88%; (b) 91.6% of this sample of smoker alcoholics were dependent on nicotine; (c) the amount of tobacco smoked was correlated to the amount of alcohol consumed and the severity of alcohol dependence; and (d) there was a correlation between the severity of alcohol and nicotine dependencies. The results of this study may help to clarify the difficulty of treating tobacco dependence in alcoholics.